meta data for this page
  •  

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
linux:general:apt [2015/06/24 13:23] – niziaklinux:general:apt [2021/09/26 07:47] (current) – niziak
Line 1: Line 1:
-Install specified version+====== APT ====== 
 + 
 +===== Configuration ===== 
 + 
 +==== Force IPv4 ==== 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +echo 'Acquire::ForceIPv4 "true";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99force-ipv4 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +==== Limit download speed === 
 +To limit download speed to 250kBytes/s: 
 + 
 +<file python /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75lowerspeed> 
 +Acquire 
 +{ 
 +   Queue-mode "access"; 
 +   http 
 +   { 
 +      Dl-Limit "250"; 
 +   }; 
 +}; 
 +</file> 
 + 
 +==== Use apt-cacher ==== 
 +<file | /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy> 
 +Acquire::http { Proxy "http://192.168.0.231:3142"; }; 
 +Acquire::https::proxy "DIRECT"; 
 +</file> 
 +or 
 +Replace all mirror hostnames with cachinghost/hostname in sources.list, so 
 +<code>deb http://ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code> 
 + 
 +should now become: 
 +<code>deb http://192.168.0.17:3142/ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code> 
 + 
 +====== Commandline ====== 
 + 
 +===== Disable fsync ===== 
 + 
 +This trick helps on BTRFS FS 
 +<code bash> 
 +apt-get install eatmydata 
 +eatmydata apt-get update 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +Or wrap some commands permanently with eatmydata 
 +<code bash> 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/aptitude 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-get 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-cache 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +===== Playing with apt keys ===== 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 8B48AD6246925553 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +sudo apt-get install debian-archive-keyring 
 +wget http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/pool/main/p/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring/pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb 
 +sudo dpkg -i pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring_1.1_all.deb 
 +sudo apt-get update 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key  8B48AD6246925553       
 +gpg -a --export 8B48AD6246925553 | sudo apt-key add - 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +apt-get update 2> /tmp/keymissing; for key in $(grep "NO_PUBKEY" /tmp/keymissing |sed "s/.*NO_PUBKEY //"); do echo -e "\nProcessing key: $key"; gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv $key && sudo gpg --export --armor $key | apt-key add -; done 
 +</code> 
 +===== List all package versions ===== 
 + 
 +<code bash>apt-cache policy lxc</code> 
 +<code> 
 +lxc: 
 +  Installed: 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 
 +  Candidate: 1:1.1.5-1 
 +  Version table: 
 +     1:1.1.5-1 0 
 +        500 http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/ stretch/main amd64 Packages 
 + *** 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 0 
 +        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 
 + 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +===== Install specified version =====
 <code> <code>
 apt-get install backupninja=0.9.8.1-1 apt-get install backupninja=0.9.8.1-1
 apt-mark hold backupninja apt-mark hold backupninja
 </code> </code>
 +
 +===== Install with low prio questions =====
 +To change dpkg-configure question priorities:
 +<code bash>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=low apt-get install ...</code>
 +
 +===== Install from backports =====
 +List version and priorities:
 +<code>apt-cache policy pulseaudio</code>
 +<code>apt-get install -t jessie-backports pulseaudio</code>
 +<code>aptitude -t jessie-backports</code>
 +
 +<file | /etc/apt/preferences.d/backports>
 +Package: *
 +Pin: release a=jessie-backports
 +Pin-Priority: 500
 +
 +Package: *
 +Pin: release a=stretch-backports
 +Pin-Priority: 500
 +</file>
 +
 +===== Hold package =====
 +<code bash>echo package_name hold | sudo dpkg --set-selections</code>
 +
 +
 +====== Errors ======
 +
 +===== trying to overwrite  =====
 +<code>
 +dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 + trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstcompositor.so', which is also in package gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:amd64 1:1.14.4-dmo7+deb10u1
 +dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
 +Errors were encountered while processing:
 + /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb
 +Config is in use.
 +</code>
 +
 +<code bash>
 +apt-get -f -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install
 +</code>
 +
 +
 +===== BADSIG ===== 
  
 Error: Error:
 +<code>
 http://httpredir.debian.org squeeze-lts Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 8B48AD6246925553 Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) <ftpmaster@debian.org> http://httpredir.debian.org squeeze-lts Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 8B48AD6246925553 Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) <ftpmaster@debian.org>
 +</code>
  
 +<code bash>
 cd /var/lib/apt cd /var/lib/apt
 sudo mv lists lists.old sudo mv lists lists.old
 sudo mkdir -p lists/partial sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
 sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get update
 +</code>
  
 This will rebuild the cache. This will rebuild the cache.
 +
 +Error:
 +<code>
 +W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 13B00F1FD2C19886
 +</code>
 +
 +<code bash>sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key 13B00F1FD2C19886</code>
 +
 +
 +===== Download is performed unsandboxed =====
 +Warning:
 +<code>
 +W: Download is performed unsandboxed as root as file '/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/libnet-cidr-lite-perl_0.21-1_all.deb' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)
 +</code>
 +<code bash>
 +
 +sudo chown -Rv _apt:root /var/cache/apt/archives/
 +sudo chmod -Rv 774 /var/cache/apt/archives/
 +
 +</code>