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linux:general:apt [2015/07/01 07:48] – niziaklinux:general:apt [2021/09/26 07:47] (current) – niziak
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 ====== APT ====== ====== APT ======
  
-===== playing with apt keys =====+===== Configuration ===== 
 + 
 +==== Force IPv4 ==== 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +echo 'Acquire::ForceIPv4 "true";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99force-ipv4 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +==== Limit download speed === 
 +To limit download speed to 250kBytes/s: 
 + 
 +<file python /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/75lowerspeed> 
 +Acquire 
 +{ 
 +   Queue-mode "access"; 
 +   http 
 +   { 
 +      Dl-Limit "250"; 
 +   }; 
 +}; 
 +</file> 
 + 
 +==== Use apt-cacher ==== 
 +<file | /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy> 
 +Acquire::http { Proxy "http://192.168.0.231:3142"; }; 
 +Acquire::https::proxy "DIRECT"; 
 +</file> 
 +or 
 +Replace all mirror hostnames with cachinghost/hostname in sources.list, so 
 +<code>deb http://ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code> 
 + 
 +should now become: 
 +<code>deb http://192.168.0.17:3142/ftp.uni-kl.de/debian etch main</code> 
 + 
 +====== Commandline ====== 
 + 
 +===== Disable fsync ===== 
 + 
 +This trick helps on BTRFS FS 
 +<code bash> 
 +apt-get install eatmydata 
 +eatmydata apt-get update 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +Or wrap some commands permanently with eatmydata 
 +<code bash> 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/aptitude 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-get 
 +ln -s /usr/bin/eatmydata /usr/local/bin/apt-cache 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +===== Playing with apt keys =====
  
 <code bash> <code bash>
Line 19: Line 70:
 </code> </code>
  
 +<code bash>
 +apt-get update 2> /tmp/keymissing; for key in $(grep "NO_PUBKEY" /tmp/keymissing |sed "s/.*NO_PUBKEY //"); do echo -e "\nProcessing key: $key"; gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv $key && sudo gpg --export --armor $key | apt-key add -; done
 +</code>
 +===== List all package versions =====
 +
 +<code bash>apt-cache policy lxc</code>
 +<code>
 +lxc:
 +  Installed: 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2
 +  Candidate: 1:1.1.5-1
 +  Version table:
 +     1:1.1.5-1 0
 +        500 http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian/ stretch/main amd64 Packages
 + *** 1:1.0.6-6+deb8u2 0
 +        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
 +
 +</code>
  
 ===== Install specified version ===== ===== Install specified version =====
Line 25: Line 93:
 apt-mark hold backupninja apt-mark hold backupninja
 </code> </code>
 +
 +===== Install with low prio questions =====
 +To change dpkg-configure question priorities:
 +<code bash>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=low apt-get install ...</code>
 +
 +===== Install from backports =====
 +List version and priorities:
 +<code>apt-cache policy pulseaudio</code>
 +<code>apt-get install -t jessie-backports pulseaudio</code>
 +<code>aptitude -t jessie-backports</code>
 +
 +<file | /etc/apt/preferences.d/backports>
 +Package: *
 +Pin: release a=jessie-backports
 +Pin-Priority: 500
 +
 +Package: *
 +Pin: release a=stretch-backports
 +Pin-Priority: 500
 +</file>
 +
 +===== Hold package =====
 +<code bash>echo package_name hold | sudo dpkg --set-selections</code>
 +
 +
 +====== Errors ======
 +
 +===== trying to overwrite  =====
 +<code>
 +dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 + trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstcompositor.so', which is also in package gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:amd64 1:1.14.4-dmo7+deb10u1
 +dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
 +Errors were encountered while processing:
 + /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer1.0-plugins-base_1.18.4-2_amd64.deb
 +Config is in use.
 +</code>
 +
 +<code bash>
 +apt-get -f -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install
 +</code>
 +
 +
 +===== BADSIG ===== 
  
 Error: Error:
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 +===== Download is performed unsandboxed =====
 +Warning:
 +<code>
 +W: Download is performed unsandboxed as root as file '/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/libnet-cidr-lite-perl_0.21-1_all.deb' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)
 +</code>
 +<code bash>
 +
 +sudo chown -Rv _apt:root /var/cache/apt/archives/
 +sudo chmod -Rv 774 /var/cache/apt/archives/
 +
 +</code>